Element for use in color photography



R. L. STINCHFIELB.

ELEMENT FR USE IN COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6. m2o.

l g. Patented Jan. 11, 192i.

ff/f`////////////////////////////f:

IN VEN TOR.

WITNESS/5s: @LSwwezdf m v BY m Z l Z M0077@ /Lauu ATToR/VEY UNITEDISTATES PATENT OFFICE.

RAY L. STINCHFIELD, 0F ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO EAS'IMAN KODAKCOMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A. CORBORATION 0F NEW YORK.

ELEMENT FOR USE IN COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

Application led February 6, 1920. Serial No. 356,588.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, RAY L. STINoHFIE-LD, acitizen of the United States of America, residing at Rochester, in thecounty of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Elements for Use in Color Photography, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to color photography and more particularly to photoi Further objects will hereinafter ap ear.

.In the application of Marcus C. opkins, Serial No. 95,967, filed May 6,1916, for method of color photography and photographic elements, and inmy application, Serial No. 312,052, filed July 19,1919, for colorphotography, there are disclosed photographic transparencies or printsmade up of two superimposed parts. These parts are derived by suitableprinting, developing, fixing, etc., operations from blanks or elements,which, as articles of manufacture, may be sold separately to thephotographer. The present invention is an improved modification of theelement which contributes the filter areas and image sections to theupper part of the finished transparency or print. By upper part I meanthe portion of the final picture which is nearest the observers eye. Ihave found that a thinner, more flexible and slightly more brilliantpicture may be obtained if the supporting means in the element be of astrong opaque material that can be stripped off of the other parts whenthe latter are assembled inthe final picture. Referring to theaccompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a perspective view, on an enlarged scale,of a portion of oneof my photographically sensitive elements, showing the coating partlybroken away;

2 is a fragmentary cross section, on a stil larger scale, of the elementshown in Fig. 1, the section being taken on a plane.

at right angles to the-filter lines 3;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of adifferent element embodying my invention, the coating being shown aspartially broken away;

Fig. 4 is a similar view of another embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary cross section of the element shown inFig. 4, be-

ing taken on a plane at right angles to the filter lines 31 Fig. 6 is aperspective View, on an enlarged scale, of a still different elementembodying my inventionhshowing the coating and some of the filter linesas partially` broken away;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fra mentary cross s'ection of the element shown 1nFig. 6, taken on a plane at right angles to the filter elescale,indicating diagrammatically the. method -of printing on to the elementshown in Fig. c;

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic perspective view, on an enlarged scale,indlcatin way'in which my novel upper, element is assembled with thelower element to .form the final picture, the opaque backing being shownin the process of removal.`

Referring now to the drawing. in detail, the element shown in Fig. 1comprises an opa ue support 1 which may, for example, be t ick blackpaper or cardboard. It is .preferable that this be black, so that straylight rays will not be refiected back to the sensitive emulsion duringprinting, but my invention is not limited to a black support.

`Attached to the support 1, by an adhesive 2,

ther

inabove mentioned. For example, they may be red lines while the lines ofthe lower element may be green or vice versa. In general the lines onthe elements are approximately complementary. The light sensitive layer5 is coated over the areas 3 and 4, being attached thereto if necessaryby any suitable or preferred adhesive or substratum. In the preferredembodiment of my invention, the photographic sensitive layer 5 is asilver haloid emulsion in gelatin of the kind employed on lantern slideplates or on so-called gaslight papers. (lne method of forming thefilter areas 3 and windows l in suitable juxtaposition. so that theywill be carried in proper relation into the final picture, is to proceedin accordance with the general process indicated in lvnited StatesPatent No. 990.247, Fifield -\pr. 25, 1911. Alternate sheets of coloredand colorless transparent pyroxylin may be united into a block andslices cut otlA at right angles to the planes of the sheets. thusyielding a set of filter areas and windows of the kind shown in presentFigs. 1 and 2.

In Fig. 3 is disclosed another embodiment of my invention in which thefiller lines 13 are embedded in one su'rface of a support 40. consistingof a continuous sheet of pyroxylin, there being windows or areas 11interspersed between the lilies 13. This screen element as a whole isattached to an opaque support 1 by an adhesive 2 and is covered by asensitized layer 5, these elements being the same as those described inconnection with Figs. 1 and 2.

In Figs. et and 5 l disclose a modified element comprising an opaquesupport 1 of the same kind of material as that indicated in connectionwith Fig. 1, the upper face. or rather the face which is to bear theother parts of the element, being covered with an adhesive 2, such asgum arabic or soluble gelatin. Into the adhesive-coated face'of thesupport 1 are pressed a series of spaced colored filter lines 31 of thenecessary color and transparency, these being made of pyroxylin in thepreferred embodimentof my invention. rl'hey may first be formed inspaced relation upon a suitable non-yielding plate and then forceddownward on to the adhesive-coated surface of the support 1 undersuitable pressure. Upon the outer faces of the lter lines 251. aswell asupon the intervening lines of adhesive-emited surface 36, is coated asuitable light sensitive photographic material 5, such as the lanternslide or gaslight emulsion mentioned above. Adhesion between thisemulsion and the p vroxylin filter lines 31 is obtained by the usualsubstratum.

In Figs. 6 and 7 there is shown a further embodiment of my inventioncomprising an opaque support 1 on which is a layer of suitable adhesive2 of the kind hereinabove mentioned and upon the latter is coated thelight sensitive layer 5. Upon the latter are printed a series of spacedfilter lines 32 of suitable color and transparency. 'hen the layer orcoating 5 .is la gelatine-silver haloid emulsion, these lines may beprinted with a material containing both pyroxylin and gelatin mixed withal suitable color and a common solvent or softener, the adjustment ofthe proportions and the particular colors used being within the skill ofpersons familiar with this art. Thus the common solvent may, forinst-ance. be acetic ether. as set forth in United States Patent No.550.288. Penniman, Nov. '26, 1895. This causes the printed ordeposited'linesJ-l.) to adhere to the gelatin of the emulsion 5 and vetbe sutliciently waterproof to retain the color during the subsequent.nn'inpulations of the element in hotographic baths.

since the general methods in which in v elements are used are set forthin full in the Hopkins and Stinchfield applications hereinabovementioned, and since the present invention relates to the element as anarticle of manufacture, the entire'processes of making the final coloredphotograph will not be set forth. but I will describe the features ofthe printing operation and assembling operation which are peculiar tothe use ofthe present elements.

In Fig. 8 the element shown in Fig. 1. prior to printing. has placedupon it a transparent support 6, such as glass or celluloid. bearinglines 7 equal in area and spacing to the filter lines or areas 3. Theselines T arel opaque to the light used in priming. ll'hen the sensitivelayer 5 is ofthe -silver haloid type.which is preponderanlly sensitiveto blue light. the lines 7 may be black or an)r other color exceptbluish. thereby being substantially opaque to blue light and thusshielding the lines of emulsion 5 which are immediately between them andthe filter lines 3. Above the support 6 l place the negative 10 bearingthe image layer 9. ln order to avoid parallax, l preferabl v employparallel light for printing. as indicated buv the arrows 11. Y Afterdeveloping and fixing. the spaces above the windows Jr will bear imagesections, while the. parts of the trans formed layer 5 abovel thetilterlines it will be translucid.

When print-ing upon the element shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the use ofauxiliary masking lines is unnecessary, although they may. of course, beused. lt is. however. more convenient to proceed as indicated in Fig.il. the negative 10, bearing the innige layer E). being, placed directlyinA contactV with the filter lines 32. In general, this convenientmethod of printing may be employed whenever the filter lines 32 aresubstantially so colored as to be opaque to the light waves whichchiefiy affect the emulsion 5. Expe- 'or areas 103 separated by clearspaces or windows 104, carrying thereon a printed and developed layer105.

Duringthe fluid treating of my' present elements, the adhesive 2 becomeseither dis-l nsolved or tacky, so that the opaque support may be readilystripped therefrom. 1 take advantage of this condition to remove theopaquesupport l after ithas been suitably assembled with the lowerportion of ,the

finished picture. as indicated in Fig. 10. The transformed layer 5 ofymy element is fastened asby any suitable adhesive to the image-bearinglayer105 of the lower element, `the lines 3 and 4 of my element beingatthe necessary angle to the lines 103 and 104 of the lower element andthe images on the upper and lower parts of the picture being in lproperregistry, as more fully eX- plained'in said Hopkins and Stnehfieldapplications. A When the adhesive between tli'e image-bearing layers hasproperly set and while the adhesive layer 2 is sufficiently yielding,the opaque backing 1 is stripped off from the. filters and windows 3 and4, thereby lea-ving a relatively thin and flexible finished picture.iVhen assembling my present invention with a lower element of thekind'illustrated in Fig. 10, registration may be easily effected byylooking through the transparent support 101. Vhen the lower element hasan opaque backing, registration may be effected by proper alining orguiding marks along the edges of the upper and lower parts. Obviouslythe support 1 in the forms shown in Figs. 3 to 7 may be similarlyremoved during assembling.

In the preferred form of my -invention I employ an opaque support,because thel latter absorbsstray light, being in proper optical contactvwith the other elements by means of the adhesive layer 2, the index ofrefraction of which is sufficiently closev to that of p'yioxylin toeffect said substantial optical contact. 1t thus constitutes anonhalation backing, tending to maintain the purity and brilliance ofthecolor rendering.

'support of the kind shown in my co-pending application mentioned above.registration being effected without the use of the `well known guidemarks along the edges.

A transparent stripping support may also be found useful for protectivepurposes with the elements disclosed in the application of Hopkinsreferred to and I consider as within the scope of my invention any suchstripping element, whether lor not it has all the characteristics andadvantages found in my preferred embodiment.

An advantage inherent in the forms shown in Figs. 3. G and 7 is that inthe final completed color picture` the outer or exposed layer is not thescreen element which may be more or less fragile but a continuoushomogeneous layer of material as of pyroxylin or gelatin.

It. will, of course. be understood that the sensitive coating 5 is madecontinuous only for convenience in manufacture, and the portions of itabove or below filter lines. as the case may be. perform no distinctivephotogral'ihic function. in conti-adistinction to the portions of saidcoating 5 above or below the window spaces which are transformediintoimage lines or sections. 1t will be further seen that the portions ofsensitive material out of which said image sections are formed arealternated with the color filters or elements when considered withrespect to the light rays. either in printing or viewing. 'hile not inexactly the same plane, they are close to a common plane and areconsequently interspersed for practical purposes in performing theirfunctions. Consequently in the element. as an article of manufacture.they bear a relation which enables them to contribute the properlylocated filter liiies and image sections to the finished picture.

Having thus described in v invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Tietters Patent is:

1. photographic element comprising an opaque. light-absorbing supporthaving on one side thereof color filterareas interspersed withnon-filteifareas and photographic material sensitized tow yield anopaque image.

2. A photographie element comprising a support, including an opaquelight-absorbing layer, having on one side thereof color. filter areasinterspersed with areas cf photographic material sensitized to yield anopaque image. i

' 3. A photographic e1e1nent,eomprising an opaque, light-absorbingsupport having on one side thereof separated color filter areasinterspersed with areas of photographie matially the same color.

4. A photographic element, comprising an opaque, light-absorbing supporthaving on one side thereof both separated filter lines and lightsensitive gelatino silver emulsion, all lines on saidsupport beingofsubstantially the same color.

A photographie element, comprising an opaque support having on one sidethereof color filter areas interspersed with nonilter areas andphotographic material sensitized to yield an opaque image, said supportmit the stripping of the support from said areas.

6. An article of manufacture, com rising a support having on one side'thereo separated color filter areas I interspersed with areas ofphotographic material sensitized to yield an opaque image, saidsupport'being attached to one of the foregoing elements by means of anadhesive which weakens in the photographie baths suliieiently to rmitstripping off of the support from said elements. i l

Signed at Rochester, New York, this 2nd day of February, 1920.

RAY L. STINCHFIELD.

